It would help if you could tell us how old the pup is, and how long you've had him. Many "bad" behaviors are just a puppy being a puppy and totally normal for that age. It would also help if you could describe your specific issues, but here is some general puppy raising advice:
1. If he's less than a year old, he's probably not actually potty trained. It seems most dogs really don't develop a great brain to bladder connection until they hit that 1 year mark. They literally don't know they have to go until seconds before it's coming out of them! They certainly get better and can hold it for longer the older they get, but...immature dogs are dumb, haha! Until then, you need to make sure you are giving the dog frequent potty breaks, praising him for going in the right spot, and supervising or crating when you can't supervise to prevent accidents.
2. Destructiveness is very common in young dogs. You need to limit his freedom by either crating him when you can't supervise, or putting him in a puppy proof room. Provide plenty of appropriate toys and chews and praise him for using them. Puppies don't come knowing what they can and can't use to satisfy their natural desire to chew, so you must provide appropriate outlets and prevent them from using inappropriate items.
3. Your pup sounds sensitive. It does not necessarily stem from abuse, it's genetic. My dog has never been abused a day in his life, and if my posture becomes too stern for his delicate sensibilities he'll cower. Scolding or correcting him turns him into a puddle. Your pup does not sound like one who can take any sort of corrections, either, so instead of scolding him after he's already done something bad, prevent him from doing the bad things through management and praise him for the behaviors you do like.
For example, if he's counter surfing, you block his access to the kitchen with baby gates while you're cooking and occasionally feed him a treat ON THE FLOOR for staying out of the kitchen. You remove food items from the counters when you're not cooking. This method 1) physically prevents him from practicing the bad behavior, 2) makes doing an opposite behavior more rewarding, and 3) makes practicing the behavior completely unrewarding. This way, you're not stressing out the dog or making him scared of you. You're teaching him what he needs to do instead of simply reacting to his bad behaviors and scolding him, which he likely doesn't understand.
We can help you more if you describe specific issues.
4. Lower your expectations, limit the dog's freedom. Dogs don't come knowing much of anything, so it's important to manage them to prevent bad habits from starting. Don't expect them to behave the way you want them to until you've shown them what you want them to do!