I would try the crate again, but make sure you take it very slow. Put in a comfy bed for him. Put him in there and then sit with him for a while, petting him, talking to him. And then let him out. Maybe a couple hours later try that again, and bring treats. Then let him out. Then try it again with toys (if hes still interested in them) Once he's comfortable lying down in there if you're sitting there, then I would try shutting the door, but not leaving the house. Leave him in there about an hour or so (even if he cries,) and then let him out. You could also try having the crate in a room with a tv or radio so he is able to listen to people talking or soothing music. The main thing is teaching him that his crate is a rewarding, safe place.